Typewriting machine



- April 21, 1925.

v 1,534,585 M. GARBELL TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Aprii 25. 1921 4 sheet1 J i R :3 3

April 21, 1925. 1,534,585

M. GARBELL 'I'YPEWRITING MACHINE Filed A rii 25, 1921 4 s-Sheet 2 A ril21, 1925. 153 5 M. GARBELL TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed April 25, 1921 4Sheets-Sheet 5 M. GARB ELL TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed April 25, 1921April 21, 1925.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Apr. 21, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT oral-ca.

mx GABBELL, or CHICAGO, ,TLLINoIs, AssIGNon, BY HESNE AssmNnEN'rs, To0-. n.

JENNINGS & comm, or cmcaeo, ILLIN IS, A CORPORATION 01? ILLINOIs.

mnwnrrme moms.

' Application aim April 25, 4921. Serial N6. 464,133.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MAX GARBELL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Typewriting Machines,of which the following-is a full, clear, concise, and exact description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspecification.

This invention relates to improvements in typewriting machines.

The main object of the invention is to provide, in a typewriting machinehaving a platen carriage arranged to assume different case printingpositions, simple, effective, light, and durable means by which the caseprinting position of the platen is accurately determined and which alsoare so arranged that they may be adjusted to permit of aready removal ofthe 'platen carriage with its platen and associated parts from the mainframe of the machine and the carriage also readily replaced to the endthat the typewriting machine may employ interchangeable platens fordoing work of diifer ent character. The invention is particularlyapplicable but not necessarily limited to use in connection with atypewriting machine of the character disclosed in my prior Patent1,305,893, granted June 3, 1919. The invention, while primarily adaptedto a typewrit- .ing machine of the portable type .as disclosed in mysaid prior patent, is of equal advantage in heavier machines of thesocalled non-portable type.

A More specifically, an object of my invenmg means associated with thecarriage to elerate it from the normal printing position to one or morehigher printing positions, said key-operated case shifting means beingdisconnccted from the carriage when desired to enable the carriage beingwithdrawn from the main frame of the machine.

the condition of the parts is such asobtains A more specific object ofthe invention is to provide, in a. machine having a removable platen andcarriage, cooperating case-shift stops on the carriage and main framefor determining the case printing position of the platen in combinationwith 'means by which said cooperating stops may be rendered relativelyinoperative and so locked automatically when the carriage and its platenare removed, said means being further combined with additional means torelease the locking means automatically when the carriage or asubstitute carriage is replaced on the main frame.

In the drawings forming a part of this specification, I have shown onlysuch parts of a typewriting machine as are necessary to explain thepresent invention but reference may be had to my said prior patent andalso to my pending application Serial No. 360,598 filed February 24,1920, for typewriting machines, now Patent No. 1,457,970, for

a disclosure of the other parts of a typewriting machine such as myimprovements are lntended to be associated with.

In said drawings, Figure 1 is abroken,

' top plan view of the rear portion of a typetion therewith, the platen,the platen frame and the platen sub-frame being omitted. Figure 2 is avertical, sectional view correspondin substantially to the section lineI igure 1. In both Figures 1 and 2,

when the platen carriage is in position and adapted for case shifting.Figures 3.and 4 are views corresponding respectively with Figures 1 and2 but showing the condition of certain of the parts reliminary to theremoval of the carriage om the main frame.

Figure 5 is a vertical, sectional .view taken from the front to the rearof the machine and corresponding substantially to the line 5--5 ofFigure 1. Figure 6 is a vertical, sectional view correspondingsubstantially to the section line 6-6 of Figure 1. The dotted lines inFigure 6 indicate the positions of certain of the parts assumed duringthe replacement of the carriage on the main frame. Figure is a, detail,sectional view the main frame of the machine, the same having side walls21 and 22, a back wall 23, and an upper wall or bridge 24. The mainframe is adapted to be supported on suitable cushion pads or feet asindicated at 25. At the back, the main frame is provided,

near .the opposite sides thereof, with a pair of rigidly securedbrackets 26 from each of which extends upwardly a cylindrical post 27rounded at its upper end as indicated at 27. The tops of saidposts 27are terminated above the upper edge of the rear wall 23.

A portion of a platen is indicated at 28 in Figure 5, the same beingrotatably mountedon a platen frame or carriage indicated at 29. Saidplaten frame is provided'with horizontally extending guides or, tracks30 and 31 WlllCh are disposed opposite corresponding guides or tracks130 and '131, respectively, carried on a platen sub frame 32.

Anti-friction balls 133 are interposed be tween the said tracks, whichare grooved to receive the same, so that the platen and its frame orcarriage are adapted to move cross wise of the machine step by step'inthe usual manner to bring different portions. of the platen opposite theprinting point. In this connection, it will be understood that i anescapement mechanism will be employed together with such other detailsas may be found advisable in a typewriter. The subframe 32 is rigidlysupported on a pair of trian lar stamped metalbrackets 33, each of sa1dbrackets 33' having curved forked arms 3333 which are rigidly secured toa cylindrical hollow sleeve 34 which fits smoothly over one of the posts27. With the arrangement of sleeves and posts described, it is evidentthat the platen, to

gether with the associated platen frame or carriage and carriagesupport, composed of the sub-frame 32 and brackets 33, are adaptedforvertical movement relatively to the 7 main frame of the machine andare guided in such movements. It will also be observed that the carriagesupport, carriage and platen may be vertically applied to and verticallyremoved from the posts 27.

In the arrangement which I have chosen for illustrating my invention,the platen is intended to have three case printing positions, thelowermost position being that ilnamed in the drawings, which ordinarily"will correspond to the lower case letters of the type bars. The nexthigher or inter mediate position will preferably correspond to thehigher case letters or capitals and the third or uppermost printingposition of the platen will correspond to the figures and other specialcharacters carried by the type bars. To effect the case shifting of theplaten with its associated carriage and carriage support, I employ keylevers 35, preferably one on each side of the machine, each of saidlevers being pivotally mounted on a cross rod as indicated at 36 inFigure 5. At its inner end, each capital shift lever 35 is forked so asto provide an upper branch 37 and a lower branch 38. n The upper branch37, as best shown in Figures 1 and 5, -is comparatively short and islaterally out- Wardly offset with respect to the main portion of thelever 35 as indicated at 37 in Figure 1. The lower branch 38 of each ofsaid levers is preferably continued in the generalplane of the mainportion to a point flush iwith the end of the branch 37 and is thenextended outwardly at a right angle as indicated at 38 in Figure 1, fora short distance, and thence parallel to the main portion as indicatedat 38*. The two branches 37 and 38 will have a slot 39 therebetweenwithin which slidably engages a laterally extended stud 40 provided onthe corresponding adjacent bracket 33. By depressing the outer end ofeither one of the capital shift keys 35, it is evident that the platenand its carriage will be elevated. To partially compensate for theweight of the platen carriage and carriage support which acts, undergravity, to return the carriage support, carriage and platen and shiftkeys 35 to their normal position shown in Figure 5, a tension spring 41.is employed, one end being attached to the bridge 24, as indicated at 42and the other end to the lever as indicated at 43.

For shifting the platen and its carriage and carriage support to theuppermost or figure case printing position, I employ figure shift keys44 extending alongside the corresponding capital shift keys 35 andfulcruming' about the same rod 36. Each of the figure. shift keys 44' isadapted to be re tracted to normal position by a tension spring 45secured at one end to the bridge 24 and at its other end to the key asbest seen in Figure 5. The figure shift keys 44 do "not have any directengagement with the carriage sup ort 'but elevate the latter through thelnstrumentality of the capital shift keys 35 and for this purpose, asbest shown in Fi re 7, each figure shift key 44 has a lateral y bentflange 46 extended over the upper edge of the corresponding capitalshift e 35 so that, when the figure shift key is d e apressed, thecapital shift key will sn port will next be described.

xtending transversely of the main frame are two alined rock shafts 47and 48,

' the same being coupled together so as to rock in unison andalsoadapted to be moved longitudinally toward and from each otherby meanswhich will be described hereinafter. Each shaft 47 and 48 is mounted ina suitable bearing provided in the corresponding bracket 26 secured tothe'back wall of the main frame. Each of said shafts. 47 and 48 hasrigidly secured thereto adjacent but on the outer side of thecorresponding bracket 26, a lever 49. Each of said levers 49 normallyextendsmpwardly in a general vertical direction as best shown in Figure5 and is provided with a horizontally extending case-shift stopshoulder50 vertically above the pivotal axis of the lever. The

lower outermost arm 33 of each bracket 33 is formed with a cooperatinglaterally ex tended flange 51 forming acooperating caseshift 7 stopshoulder which is normally spaced below and directly beneath the corlvresponding shoulder 50, as showniin Fig ure 5. The levers 49 are eachspring-influenced by a coil spring 52 so as to swing in a clockwisedirection as viewed in Figure 5, th levers 49 being held by theengagement of an arm 53 at the upper end thereof with the backwall 23 ofthe main frame.

When, either of the capital shift keys 35 is depressed and the carriagesupport, carriage and platen correspondingly elevated, the levers 49remain unaffected and hence the-upper intermediate position of thecarriage support, carriage and platen is determined by the shoulders 51engaging with tlie shoulders 50, .that is, the intermediate case-shiftposition.

To permit the carriage support, carriage "and platen to be elevatedtothe uppermost or fi re case printing position upon de pression of eitherof the figure shift keys 44,

the following arrangement is employed. As shown in Figure 5, the figureshift'key 44 is provided with 21 depending arm 54 to which ispivotallyconnected one'end of a link 55,

the opposite end of said link being slidably' pivotaHy connected to thelever 49 bymeans' of an inturned arm 56 engaging in a slightly arcu'ateslot 57 formed on the lower end of thelever 49. Upon depression ofeither figure shift key 44 not only will the carriageconstruction, theyare angula'rly offset 180 support, carriag and its platen be elevatedthrough the intermediary of the capital shift 7 "key 35, as heretoforeexplained, but also the lovers 49 will be oscillated in a. counterclockwise direction through the corresponding link so as to remove theshoulders 50 from the path of the shoulders 51 -,and thereby bring intovertical alinement with the shoul ders 51', other high cooperatingcase-shift stop shoulders 58 formed on the under sideof said arms 53 ofthe-levers 49. In this connection it will be borne in mind that themotion provided by the slots 57, when the figure shift key on one sideofthe machine is actuated, the lever 49 on the opposite side is free tooperatewitholit affecting the corresponding link 55 on that side of themachine. i

In order to permitremoval of the platen and its carriage and carriagesupport from the main frame when desired, it becomes necessary todisconnect the key-operated shift leversfrom the carriage support andalso eliminate any interference with the upward movement of theshoulders 51 rigid" with the carriage support. The meaiis foraccomplishing the results specified reside principally in the couplingbetween the two shafts 47- and 48, shown best in Figures 1, 2, '3, 4 and6. Rigidly secured to't he back wall 23 of the main frame isa plate 59having forwardly extended arms 60 and 61 which are suitably apertured toprovide bearings for the shafts 47 and 48, respectively. From thecenterof the back portion of the plate 59 is extended forwardly a stud 62 uponwhich is pivotally ,mounted to oscillate abouta horizontal axis,

a lever having an upwardlyextending arm v63 and a downwardly extendingarm 64. Said lever 63-64 may be held in position by a pivot-formingscrew 65. I

The shafts 47 and 48, at their adjacentinner ends, are provided eachwith a collar 1 66, rigidly secured thereto by a pin or other suitabledevice. Each of said collars 66 is formed with a sheet metal latesection 67. extending at right angles to he axes of the shafts, aid latesection at one of its ends being turne at right. angles and formed witha horizontal relatively wide section 68 witl1 respect to each other so.that the two openings 7 0 are diametrically opposite and the finger 69of one slidably engages in the notch 72 of the other, as shown inFigures 1,2 and 6. With arrangement it will be obvious that the twoshafts 47 and 48 are coupledf so as to rotate in unison but are,nevertheless, adapted for relative movement axially toward and from eachother. The upper openings 70 los'ely receive's therein the tapered endof the arm 63 and the lowermost opening 70 receives the correspondingtapered lower end 64 of said lever '6364. It will be noted that there issufficient clearance between the sides of the lever arms 63 and 64 andthe opposed edges defining the openings 70, as indicated at 73.securedasplit collar 75, the same havingan. annular groove 76'withinwhich extend diametrically opposite pins 77 carried by a -shaped stampedsheet metal yoke 78 I which straddles said collar 75. At its inner end,that is, the end adjacentthe back wall 23 of the main frame, the upperand lower arms of said yoke 78 are pivotally connected to upper andlower extensions 79-79 stamped integrally with the plate 59 so that saidyoke 78 is fulcrumed at its inner end. With this arrangement it isevident that,

- upon pulling the shaft 47 outwardly'toward the left from its normalposition, that is, from thecondition shown in Figure 1 to that shown inFigures 3 and 4,-the yoke 78 will'be' oscillated from that positionshown in Figure 1 to that shown in Figure 3'and simultaneously the lever6364 will be oscillated about a horizontal axis thereby simultaneouslypushing the shaft 48 toward the right, as viewed in' Figures 1 to 4inclusive. This simultaneous outward but opposite movement of the shafts4748 causes the respective stop shoulder levers 49 .to be oppositelyoutwardly moved. and in so doing, said levers 49- engage the respectiveflanges 38 of thecapital shift levers 35 and spring the same outwardlyso that the upper.

. branches 37 of each of said levers .35 is pulled outwardlysufliciently to clear the studs 40. This releases the carriage sup--port from the shift keys, as will be under-- stood. In moving'outwardoppositely as i justdescribed, the lovers 49 also pass beyondthe vertical paths! of the stop shoulders 51-51, as best indicated inFigures 3 and.

.4 sothat no obstruction remains to. the vertical removal of thecarriage support by reason of said levers 49. After the parts have .beenoperated to the'releaselcondition just described to" per case-shiftstops.

niit removal of the-carriage support, it is desirable that the" releasecondition be maintained automatically until such time as the carriagesupport is replaced or a different carriage and carriage supportsubstituted.

To this endf I provide the following arrangement.

Referring to Figures 1' to 4 inclusive, it

will be noted that thesarm' 61 of the plate 3 59 is turned at rightangles at the outer end so as-to provide a vertically extending platewhich is parallel to the shaft 48. Said plate 80 is of special formandis provided with a vertically extending elongated slot 81 and with aslot 82 which is inclined slightly from the horizontal downwardly towardthe right, as viewed in Figures 2 and- 4. Said slot 82 is provided withan offset at its upper lefthand end as indicated at 83 so as to producea shoulder 84.. Loosely pivotally connected to the cross piece of theyoke-78 as'by means of a headed pin "85 1s an elongated stamped sheetinetal lever 86, the same extending parallel to the shafts 47 and 48.Said lever 86, at its free end, is formed with an upward extension 86from which in turn is forwardly extended at right angles a flange 86notched on its upper and lower edges aslindicated at'86 and riding insaid slot 823r-Atension spring 87 is connected at one end to adownwardly extending arm 86 of saidlever 86 and at its other end to thestationary arm 61 so that the spring 87 always tends to swing the lever86 in Y a counterclockwise direction about its fulcrum or pivot 85. Withthe arrangement shown, as the shaft 47 is pulled outwardly toward 'theleft and the yoke lever 78 swung about its fulcrum, as hereinbeforedescribed, the lever 86 is compelled to travel toward the ,left asviewed in Fignot ures 2 and 4 until finally the flange 86 thereof snapsup into the offset 83 in the slot 82 and engages behind the shoulder 84.This condition is shown in Figures 3 and 4 from which it will beobserved that the parts are thus automatically held in locked releasecondition.

It is also desirable that thelocking mech-' anism', just described, berendered inoperative automatically when the, carriage and carriagesupport are replaced on the main frame so as to'insure there-establishing of the operative connections and positions of thecase-shifting means and To accomplish this result,; I employ thefollowing arrangement, particular reference, being had to Figures 4 andAs hereinbefore mentioned, an escapement mechanism of suit-i ablecharacterwill be mounted on the platen carriage support and carriage,said} escapement mechanism being. operated by a link 88 which has adetachable pivotal con? nectionas indicated art-.89 with another 0P1 Icrating link 90 which in turn is actuated by.

'sufliciently downwardly offset where it passes beneath the link 90 soas to always clear the latter and avoid engagement therewith. When thecarriage and carriage support are withdrawn from the frame, the

escapement operating link 88 is lifted upwardly as indicated by thedotted position of Figure 6 which in turn permits the link 90 to beoscillated upwardly within the slot 81, by means of the spring 92.Continued upward movement of the carriage and support beyond the dottedposition shown in Figure 6 will, of course, withdraw the pivot 89 fromthe open bearing in the link 90 and 4 leave the latter in its elevatedposition.

When the carriage and support are being replaced, during which time thelockingf mechanism is of course operative, the escapement operating link88 re-engages with the link 90 as indicated by the dotted lines inFigure 6. Continued lowering of the carriage and carriage support causesthe link 90 to be depressed until it reaches a position indicated bydotted lines at 90 in Figure 4 when it then engages the arm 93 of aspring-controlled pawl pivotally mounted on the part 86 of the lever 86.Said pawl is provided with a shoulder on the opposite side of the pivotas indicated at 94 which engages with the flange 86 and thereby preventsoscillation of said pawl 93-94 in a counter-clockwise direction aboutits pivot, as viewed in Figure 4. Consequently as the link 90 continuesin its downward movement below the dotted position shown at 90 in Figure4, not only will the pawl be depressed but it in turn will depress thelever 86 until finally the flange 86 is disengaged from; behind theshoulder 84 and the lever 86 is then releasedand projected to the right,as viewed in Figure 4, under the influence of the tension spring 87 Thelocking mechanism is thus released and simultaneously therewith the twoshafts 47 and 48 are drawn axially toward each other thus in turnbringing the stop shoulder, levers 49 into operative position and thecase-shift keys into operative connection with the studs 40 of thecarriage support. The pawl 93-94 is free to oscillate against the actionof the spring 95 in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Figure 4 sothat, when the locking mechanism has been set as shown in Figure 4, theupward movement of the link 90 will easily pass by the arm 93 of thepawl without affecting the locking mechanism. p

Referring next to the construction illustrated in Figures 8 to 10inclusive, it will be the frame and carriage support remain the same.The modification shown in Figures 8 to 10 relates to the coupling,locking mechanism and lock release mechanism. As

shown, two shafts 147 and 148 are employed, both mounted and adapted tooperate the same as the corresponding shafts 47 and 48 shown in theother figures. Secured to the back wall 123 of the main frame is astamped sheet metal plate 159 having laterally spaced forwardlyextending arms 160 and 161 suitably apertured to provide bear ings forthe shafts 147 and 148. The shafts 147 and 148 are provided with collars166166 having parts corresponding to those referenced 67, 68, 69, 70, 71and 72 of the form shown in Figures 1 to 6 inclusive and which need nothere 164 is employed cooperable with the slidable coupling as in thecase of the first described form.

To look the shafts 147-148 when the same are spread apart, I employ aslide bar 186 which, at its lefthand end as viewed in Figure 9, isprovided with a depending arm 186 havinga collar 100 loosely encirclingthe shaft 147 and adapted for a slight oscillation thereon. with arounded knob 101' providing a loose fulcrum on a collar 175 rigidlyfastened to the shaft 147. The opposite end of said slide 186 extendsthrough an opening 182 formed in the arm 161,. the upper portion of themetal defining said opening 182 providing a shoulder 184 with which isadapted to cooperate a shoulder 186 on the slide 186. A tensionspring187 is connected at one end to said arm 186 and to a suitableportion of the side of the arm 160 so vthat said spring always tends toswing the righthand and of .Tthe slide 186 upwardly, as viewed in Figure9.

' When the shaft 147 is pulled to the left, as viewed in Figures 8 and9, it is evident that the slide 186 will. be correspondingly moved andultimately the shoulder 186 thereof will be snapped up behind saidstationary shoulder 184 and thereby lock the two shafts 147 and 148 intheir separated position. 148 from returning accidentally to theirnormal position without releasing the slide 186 from engagement with theshoulder 184, after the locking mechanism has been set, the slide 186 isprovided with 8. depending finger 186 that engages the opposite side ofthe collar 175 to that engaged by the knob 101.

To release the locking mechanism just described, a spring-controlledpawl having an 'arm 193 ispivotally mounted on the slide Said collar 100is formed To prevent the shafts 147 and I the escapement operating link190 when the lock mechanism is operated. Said link 190 is verticallyslidable within an elongated slot 181 and rises and falls under-the saidconditions as the link 90. When depressed upon replacementof thecarriage, it is evident that said link 190 will engage the arm 193 ofthe pawl and thereby depress the slide 186 so as to disengage theshoulder 186 from the shoulder 184 and thereby permit the slide 186 tobe projected toward the -right under the influence of. the spring 187,

and description are by way of illustration so from the spirit of theinvention.

only and not by way of limitation, as I am aware that many changes andmodifications may be made in the details of construction an arrangementof parts without departizxilg changes and modifications are contemplatedthat comewithin the scope of the claims appended hereto.

I claim:

1. In a typewritin'g machine, the combination with a main frame, a latencarriage and carriage support adapte for case-shift movement withrespect to said frame, and cooperable disengageable means on saidcarriage support and frame'arranged to guide the carriage support in itscase-shifting movements; of case-shifting means cooperable with saidcarriage support; cooperable case-shift stops mounted on said carriagesuppprt and frame; manually operable means for rendering said case-shiftstops relatively non-cooperative; locking means cooperable with saidmanually operable means for automatically maintaining saidnon-cooperative relation of said case-shift stops; and means, mounted onthe carriage support, cooperable with said locking means arranged torelease the latter upon replace- ?ent of the carriage support on themain ame.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combina mounted on the carriage suppo't and frame; manually operable means for simultaneously rendering saidcase-shift stops relatively non-cooperative and disconnecting saidcaseshifting means and the carriage support;

locking means cooperable with said manually operable means forautomatically maintaining a non-cooperable relation of the case-shiftstopsand disconnected condition of the case-shifting means; and means,operated by replacement of the carriage support on the main frame, forreleasing said locking means: Y

3. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a main frame havingvertically extending carriage support guides thereon; of a platencarriage support having cooperating guiding elements; case-shift stopsrigid with and mounted at each end of the.

riage support and an element mountedon the main frame, cooperable withsaid looking means to release'the latter upon replacement of thecarriage support on'the frame. a 4. In a typewriting machine, thecombination with a main frame having vertically extending carriagesupport guides thereon; of a platen carriage support having cooperatingguiding elements; case-shift stops rigid with and mounted at each end ofthe carriage support; cooperable movable caseshift stops on said mainframe at each end of the carriage support; and means for simultaneouslymoving said movable stops away from and out of operative relation withrespect to said case shift stops on the carriage support to therebypermit removal of the carriage support from the frame, saidmeans'including, a pair of slidably mounted rock shafts upon each ofwhich one of said movable stops is carried.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a main frame havingvertically" extending carriage support guides; of a platen carriagesupport having cooperable guiding elements; means for'impartin avertical case-shift movement to said carriage support; case-shift stopsrigid with and mounted on each end of said carriage support; cooperablemovable case-shift stops mounted on said frame at each end of thecarriage sup ort; means for simultaneously but opposite y moving saidmovable stops away from and out of the operative relation with respectto said stops on the carcombinedcoupling and motion-reversing deviceinterposed between adjacent parts of said shafts.

In witness that I claim the foregoing, I have hereunto subscribed myname this 8 day of April, 1921.

MAX GARBELL. v Witnesses:

WM. TRUEBLOOD, W. F. MOORE.

